How to Install Mac OS X From an External Hard Drive

By Avery Martin

OS installers can automatically connect to Ethernet or Wi-Fi to download updates.
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Using an external drive to install Mac OS X Mountain Lion can save some time if you have to install the operating system on multiple computers. You'll need to purchase a license for each computer you are using, but you can use the same installation software on each computer. This prevents the need to download Mac OS X Mountain Lion from the Apple servers each time you want to install the software. You can also use an external drive to do a fresh installation of Mountain Lion on a hard drive that doesn't have the Mac OS X Recovery partition installed.

Downloading the Installation Files

If your computer still has an operating system installed, then you can download the Mac OS X Mountain Lion software from the Apple Store to your computer. Once the software has completed downloading, force-quit the installer and then locate the Install Mac OS X Mountain Lion application package in the Applications folder. Right-click on the application and select "Show Package Contents." Look for a file called InstallESD.dmg by opening the Contents folder and then looking in the Shared Support folder. Copy the file to your Desktop for later use.

Preparing the External Drive

Connect your external drive to your computer. Open Disk Utility by opening your Applications folder and clicking on the Disk Utility app within the Utilities folder. Select the external drive and then click the "Erase" tab and select "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)" for the format. Once you've set all the options, click the "Erase" button. After you have erased the external drive, drag the InstallESD.dmg file to the Disk Utility sidebar. Click on the disk image to highlight it and then select the "Restore" tab. Drag the external disk's icon to the Destination field, then click the "Restore" button.

Booting From the External Drive

Start your computer with the external drive connected to your computer. Hold down the "Option" key while your Mac boots. Holding down the Option key provides you with a list of bootable drives. Select the external drive you used to create the install image and then wait for your Mac to boot to the hard disk. The installer boots much more quickly than the built-in Internet Recovery options on Mac OS X and allows you to use your installer on any of your Mac computers.

Installing Mac OS X Mountain Lion

After booting to your external disk, you can follow the prompts to verify your Mac OS X installation and begin setting up your operating system. You'll be asked to enter the Apple ID credentials that you used to purchase Mac OS X Mountain Lion. Once verified, select the hard disk on the computer to which you want to install Mac OS X and then follow the prompts to continue with a standard installation. When you purchased Mac OS X Mountain Lion, you were provided with a license to install the software on any Mac computer you own. Only purchase a new license if you are installing Mac OS X on a friend's computer or a computer you do not own.

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